With the proliferation of UAV swarms and encrypted FPV drones, low-altitude defense technologies are developing toward integrated AI perception, layered soft-hard countermeasures and compact directional energy to build a closed-loop defense system.

Multi-sensor intelligent fusion is adopted for detection. Millimeter-wave radar, radio frequency direction finding, optoelectronic and acoustic sensors share data. Powered by AI algorithms, the system identifies targets within 0.5 seconds, distinguishing birds, legal inspection drones and illegal ones, cutting the false alarm rate below 5%. It can track tiny centimeter-level UAVs around the clock.

Soft-kill technologies have been greatly upgraded. New-generation cognitive radio jammers cover all communication bands. Paired with GNSS spoofing, directional interference only affects designated airspace and avoids disrupting nearby civilian signals. Long-distance RF hijacking can take over UAVs and force them to land safely, ideal for airports and urban zones where physical destruction is prohibited.

Major breakthroughs have been made in hard-kill solutions. Man-portable laser devices weigh only 25 kilograms and can disable drones within seconds at hundreds of meters with ultra-low cost. High-power microwave weapons effectively neutralize drone swarms with wide-area electromagnetic pulses. Interceptor drones equipped with nets tackle high-speed FPV craft economically and reverse the cost disadvantage of traditional air defense.

Controlled by an integrated management platform, the system automatically switches between early warning, jamming and laser interception. It serves urban public security, energy facilities and military low-altitude defense.